The appearance of the worms y children is not uncommon. At risk are infants, toddlers and older children. You need to understand what are the different types of worms and how they can be transmitted. Only prevention can protect your child from this unpleasant phenomenon.
Why are worms y children
There are several methods of infection y children:
- with insect bites;
- with the consumption of undercooked meat;
- dirty hands;
- contact with objects that contain eggs of worms;
- through unwashed vegetables and fruits.
High prevalence of parasites among pediatric age group due to the fact that helminth eggs are microscopic in size. They are in Calais, directly around the anus, on the perineum y a sick child.
Important! To prevent re-infection with worms, it is necessary to wash the bedclothes for the child at the highest temperature, after which Pat iron.
The child may itch, which contributes to the spread of worms. The eggs get on the hands, under the nails, on the bedding, and then spread into the environment. Worms can be easily infected with other children, adults or re-infected children.
This is especially true for infants who place everything in their mouths, don't wash their hands before eating. Also the most common source of infection with worms has children, sandpit, especially if it is open.
Another route of infection is eating infected meat that has not passed sufficient heat treatment. There is also the risk of fish, both river and sea.
Important! Do not let your children eat sushi, because they are often prepared with raw fish. This can lead to the infection of worms. find out what are the first signs of worms y children.
Varieties of worms
There are a large number of worms which can attack the human body. They can be not only in the intestine and in other organs, where they are transported by the blood, the liver, the lungs, the heart, the main brain, eyes, gall bladder.
Don't forget! To give children a tablet from worms without a prescription, is strictly prohibited!
The main human parasites are divided into the following groups:
- flukes;
- nematodes;
- cestodes.
General characteristics of nematodes
Nematodes are the most common types of intestinal worms among children. For roundworms include:
- whipworm;
- pinworms;
- Trichinella;
- roundworm.
You get them in helminth eggs enter the digestive tract and then deposited in the intestine of the child. This could happen through dirty hands, by eating unwashed food. Children younger than one year, are also subject to infection with the nematodes, because they are exploring the world, sticking it in his mouth.
Important! Small children often are infected with worms, because the y are not yet fully developed digestive system. An insufficient amount of the enzyme, which is unable to neutralize the parasite eggs that are trapped in the stomach.
Nematodes have a negative impact on immature children:
- cause tissue damage in the intestine;
- to eat the nutrients that come from food;
- can cause blockage of the bile ducts;
- nausea, upset his chair;
- children feel a lack of energy.
They also often develop an allergic reaction to the waste products of the parasites, which may form a slight rash, dermatitis.
Enterobiasis - pinworms
Enterobiasisy children – one of the most common diseases that is caused by pinworm. Are small worms in the size of 1 cm, which live in the gut (read, as it takes the analysis on enterobiasis).
The infection occurs when the eggs of worms enter the digestive system. They are very resistant to environmental influences, do not always die when the cleaning, disinfection, but are destroyed by high temperature during fermentation.
The eggs of pinworm can be on the body of a sick toddler, interior items, dishes, toys. So to catch them is very easy.
Important! If in the feces of a child you see white worms, you can be sure that it is pinworms.
The most characteristic symptom of enterobiasis when is the appearance of severe itching around the anus, especially at night and in the evening. Baby, it may be difficult to get to sleep to come back, crying, cranky. In most cases, pinworms are not dangerous for the health of the child, but would be a lot of discomfort.
Ascariasis – symptoms and dangers
Ascariasis is characterized by infection in the human body dangerous parasites – ascaride. Affect not only the gut and the lungs, liver and heart.
Worms in the lungs, which is manifested by the following symptoms:
- the increase of temperature up to 38°C;
- the appearance of the sputum with blood;
- dry cough;
- weakness and body aches.
Important! With the defeat of the ascaride of the body may develop asthma, pneumonia and bronchitis.
It is also often increasing the lymph nodes, the spleen, a rash on the body.
After 2-3 months, roundworm can penetrate the gut, and then there are various disorders of the digestive system:
- diarrhea;
- constipation;
- nausea;
- winds.
Important! Worms in the liver can block the bile ducts, such as to provoke the emergence of jaundice.
Cestodes y children
On the cestode parasites include:
- pattern;
- beef tapeworm;
- dog tapeworm;
- Echinococcus;
- tapeworm wide;
- pork tapeworm.
Tapeworms feed on the nutrients that come from food – vitamin B12, folic acid and others. Instead of poisoning with the toxic wastes that remain after life.
Symptoms of cestodes is:
- all unexplained or weight loss;
- disorders of the digestive system;
- pain in the abdomen;
- fatigue;
- reduce immunity.
The main mode of cestode infection is consumption of undercooked meat, which contains the eggs of worms. The dog tapeworm is often found in children who are constantly in contact with the dogs.
Important! Characteristic of these parasites is, that can reach 40-50 m and live in the human gut for up to 20 years.
Trematodes – features
Parasites of species of trematodes include:
- Siberian Fluke;
- paragonimiasis;
- schistosomiasis;
- the liver Fluke.
Flukes can live in the intestine, liver, lungs and other organs. Helminth eggs are carried through the blood to all the organs and systems of man.
Important! Flatworms also called flukes, because on your body are suction cup. Thank you to eat them.
The main mode of infection is through poorly cooked meat, fish, and by drinking contaminated water.
Symptoms that indicate the presence of flat worms:
- the appearance of the dermatitis;
- pain in the abdomen;
- enlargement of the liver;
- the appearance of jaundice;
- disorders of the chair;
- anemia.
Giardiasis in children
Giardiasis cause Giardia – microorganisms that infect the intestine. The infection occurs via the oocysts, which are excreted in the feces of the sick person. They long time can remain in the environment until contact with the child.
Important! Enough to swallow some of the ovaries (see what the cysts of Giardia), to become infected with giardiasis.
Often the disease is asymptomatic and disappears after a few weeks without treatment. Sometimes it is indigestion, fever, pain in the abdomen, the child may lose weight.
Infection children are not uncommon. It is important to take into account the rules of hygiene, wash hands frequently, to accustom the baby to take the toys in the mouth, to prevent such an unpleasant phenomenon. The definition of the y the child's symptoms, which are characterized by the presence of worms, it is necessary to consult a doctor.